سورة الكوثر
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
1
إِنَّا أَعْطَيْنَاكَ الْكَوْثَرَ
2
فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَ وَانْحَرْ
3
إِنَّ شَانِئَكَ هُوَ الْأَبْتَرُ
L’abondance (Al-Kawtar)
1
Nous t’avons certes, accordé l’Abondance.
2
Accomplis la Salât pour ton Seigneur et sacrifie.
3
Celui qui te hait sera certes, sans postérité.
Sourate CVIII.
L’Abondance.
(Al-Kawṯar.)
Propos liminaire du traducteur
Titre tiré du vt. 1.
Versets de 9 syllabes sur rime ar.
Au nom d’Allah, le Bienfaiteur miséricordieux.
1
▶
Note [édition originale] :
al-Kawṯar « l’Abondance ». Ce thème, d’un emploi
rare, est une épithète substantivée. Ce sens est nettement senti par tous
les commt., mais la Tradition (cf. Buh) prétend que ce terme désigne un des
fleuves du Paradis.
2
3
▶
Note [édition originale] : al-’abtaru « le
Déshérité ». Traduction approchée.
Abundance
In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate
1
Surely We have given thee abundance;
2
so pray unto thy Lord and sacrifice.
3
Surely he that hates thee, he is the one cut off.
Abundance
Revealed at Mecca
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.
1
Lo! We have given thee Abundance;
2
So pray unto thy Lord, and sacrifice.
3
Lo! it is thy insulter (and not thou) who is without posterity.
CHAP. CVIII.
Intitled, Al Cawthar; revealed at Mecca
In the name of the most merciful God.
a
.
Note [édition originale] : There are some, however, who think it to have been revealed at
Medina.
1
b
Note [édition originale] : Al Cawthar;]
This word signifies abundance, especially of good,
and thence the gift of wisdom and prophecy, the Korân,
the office of intercessor, &c. Or it may imply abundance of children,
followers, and the like. It is generally,
however, expounded of a river in paradise of that name, whence the water is
derived into Mohammed’s pond, of which the blessed are to drink before their
admission into that place1. According to a tradition of the prophet’s, this
river, wherein his Lord promised him abundant good, is sweeter than honey,
whiter than milk, cooler than snow, and smoother than cream; its banks are of
chrysolites, and the vessels to drink thereout of silver; and those who drink
of it shall never thirst1.
Euthymius Zigabenus, instead of Cauthar,
reading Canthar, supposes the
word to have the same signification in
Arabic
as in Greek, and translates the
two first verses of the chapter thus: [Greek text], i.e. We have given thee
the beetle; wherefore pray unto thy Lord, and slay it; and then he cries out,
O wonderful and magnificent sacrifice, worthy of the legislator!
- 1 See the Prelim. Disc. §. IV. p. 95.
- 1 Al Beidawi, Jallal. &c.
2
a
.
Note [édition originale] : Pray unto thy Lord,
and slay the victims;]
Which are to be sacrificed at the pilgrimage in the valley of Mina.
Al Beidawi explains the words thus: Pray with fervency and intense devotion,
not out of hypocrisy; and slay the fatted camels and oxen, and distribute the
flesh among the poor: for he says this chapter is the counterpart of the
preceding, exhorting to those virtues which are opposite to the vices there
condemned.
3
b
.
Note [édition originale] : He who hateth thee, shall be childless;]
These words were revealed against al As Ebn Wayel, who, on the death
of al Kâsem, Mohammed’s son, called that prophet Abtar,
which signifies one
who has no children, or posterity
2.
- 2 In Panoplia dogmat. inter Sylburgii Saracenic. p. 29.
ГЛАВА О ИЗОБИЛИИ ,
СОДЕРЖИТ ТРИ СТИХА ПИСАННЫЕ В
МЕККЕ .
Во имя бога щедраго, и 1
2
3
SURA CVIII. KAUTHER. MECCANA : COMMATUM TRIUM.
1
2
3
▶
Note [édition originale] :
NOTÆ.
Quamvis Sura Meccana ponatur : multi
tamen volunt, esse Medinensem. Lectori pręmium hujusmodi promittitur :
من قراء سورة الكوثر سقاه الله من كل نهر له في الجنة وتكعب له عشر حسنات بعدد كل قربان قرّبه
العباد في يوم النحر
Qui legerit Suram Kauther, potabit illum
Deus ex omnibus fluviis, quos habet in Paradiso, & adscribentur
illi decem bona pro numero singularum oblationum, quæ fient à
fidelibus in die jugulationis, seu mactationis pecorum, quæ
fit decima die Mensis Dulhoggiæ.
I. Kauther. ] Expositores longas contexunt nugas circa hoc nomen,
expiscantes in Prophetæ sui ineptiis mysteria. Gelal putat, Kauther
esse, نهر في الجنة هو حوضه ترد عليه امّته والكوثر الخير الكثير من النبوة والقران والشفاعة ونحوها
fluvium in Paradiso, qui efficit piscinam
Mahumeti, ad quam descendet bibitura gens ejus. Et addit : Significat etiam hæc vox Kauther bonum
multum, nempè prophetiam, Alcoranum, officium intercessoris, &
alia hujusmodi à Deo Mahumeto collata. Beidavius ex traditione
ipsius Mahumeti eodem modo affirmat, Kauther esse فهو في الجنة فيه خير كثير احلى من العسل وابيض من اللبن وابرد من الثلج والين من الزبد حافتاه
الزبرجد واوانيه من فضّة لا يطما من شرب منها وقيل حوض فيها وقيل اولاده واتباعه او علماء امّته او
القران
fluvium in Paradiso, in quo est bonum
multum ; dulciorem melle, candidiorem lacte, frigidiorem nive, &
molliorem spuma : cujus oræ sunt chrysolithus : vasa verò ejus
(in quibus scilicet bibent Paradisicolæ ejus aquam) ex argento (Addit Zamchascerius, hæc
vasa, seu cyathos tot fore, quot نجوم السماء
stellas Cęli ) Non sitiet, qui biberit ex
eo. Alii dicunt, esse piscinam in
Paradiso : alii filios Mahumeti, & asseclas ejus, vel Doctores
gentis ejus, vel Alcoranum, Vah ineptias !
II. Jugula. ] Nimirùm oves, seu pecudes illas, quas immolare
solent, qui ad Meccam peregrini proficiscuntur in valle Mina die
constituto. De quo ritu vide alibi, quæ scripsi. Significat autem نحر , non solùm jugulare ; sed etiam erectum stare,
& manus elevare, seu dextram super sinistram componere in orando.
III. Porrò odio habens te. ] Gelal : نزل في العاص بن وايل سمي النبي ص ابتر عند موت ابنه الفاسم ع م : dictum fuit hoc
contra Alas filium Vail, qui, cùm mortuus esset Alcasem filius
Mahumeti, vocaverat eundem Mahumetum excisum ; nempè filiis,
& posteritate orbatum. Quod malum nunc eidem Alaso ariolatur, ut par
pari rependat.
R
Note [édition originale] :
REFUTATIONES.
I. Cum communis Expositorum
Mahumetanorum sensus sit, Kauther esse fluvium, vel piscinam, quam Deus
in Paradiso Mahumeto donavit : manifestè patet, quàm hebes, &
quodammodò pecuinus fuerit Mahumetus, qui non aliam sibi in futuro
sæculo felicitatem proposuerit, quàm piscinam aquarum, quamvis mole
dulciorum, lacte candidiorum, nive frigidiorum, & spuma molliorum :
quamvis hujusmodi piscina pretiosis lapidibus ambiatur, quamvis tot
habeat argentea vasa ad usum bibentium, quot stellæ in Cœlo
reperiuntur ; nihil enim horum ad æternam, ac Summam felicitatem, &
ne ad temporalem quidem, & mediocrem potest pertinere.
II. Dùm fingit, juberi se à Deo,
pecudes jugulare : lanionem se esse tantummodò profitetur. Etenim ovium
illam stragem, quam in Valle Mina peregrini faciunt tempore
peregrinationis Meccanæ, nequaquam sacrificium esse, Mahumetani ipsi
fatentur. Vide Prodromum p. 4. cap. 17. pag. 41. Quòd si etiam verum
sacrificium esse vellent, Mosaicos ritus à Christo sublatos, nonnisi
superstitiosè, atque inaniter revocarent.
III. Vix Sura aliqua reperitur,
in qua Mahumetus aliquem adversariorum suorum non laceret, aut mordeat :
quemadmodùm hìc Alasum, cui contumeliam pro contumelia rependit.
LE CHAPITRE DE L’AFFLVENCE contenant trois versets, escrit
à la Meque.
1
2
3
In nome di Dio
misericordioso,
e Pio.
CAPITOLO
XC.
1
▼
TI HABBIAMO gia preparato in
Note [édition originale] :
Tiene Macomet.
che Iddio non ci
voglia
altro che orationi,
e
sacrifici,
preferendogli alla carita del
prossimo.
- [C]
2
3
AZOARA CXVIII.
1
2
3
سورة الكوثر
1
«إنا أعطيناك» يا محمد «الكوثر» هو نهر في الجنة هو حوضه ترد عليه أمته، والكوثر: الخير الكثير من النبوَّة والقرآن والشفاعة ونحوها.
2
«فصلِّ لربك» صلاة عيد النحر «وانحر» نسكك.
3
«إن شانئك» أي مُبغضك «هو الأبتر» المنقطع عن كل خير، أو المنقطع العقب، نزلت في العاص بن وائل سمى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أبتر عند موت ابنه القاسم.